The function of motorcycle shock absorbers in vehicles is to mitigate and reduce the shock and vibration during driving, and ensure the smoothness and comfort of driving. This is conducive to extending the service life of motorcycles and improving the stability of handling. Motorcycle shock absorbers are installed on all motorcycles.

There are many types of motorcycle shock absorbers. The vast majority use cylindrical shock absorbers, and only a very small number use leaf spring structures. There are many types and varieties of cylindrical shock absorbers. Generally speaking, according to the installation position, they can be divided into front shock absorbers and rear shock absorbers. According to the structural form, there are telescopic tube type front hydraulic shock absorbers, rocker arm type shock absorbers, rocker arm lever vertical center shock absorbers, and rocker arm lever inclined center shock absorbers.

The telescopic tube type front hydraulic motorcycle shock absorber is connected to the front wheel and the frame. It not only serves as a part of the frame support but also functions as a shock absorber. With the mutual expansion and contraction between the handle tube and the casing, the oil in the front flows through the small holes set in the adjacent room.

Hydraulic motorcycle shock absorbers are currently the most commonly used shock absorbers in motorcycles. Their structure is basically similar to that of suction pumps, with the only difference being that the upper end of the steel body of the hydraulic shock absorber is closed, while there are small holes left on the valve. When the rear wheels encounter a raised road surface and are impacted, the cylinder moves upward and the piston moves relatively downward in the inner cylinder. At this point, the piston valve is pushed upward, and the oil on the lower side of the piston in the inner cylinder cavity flows to the upper side of the piston without any resistance.

Meanwhile, this part of the oil also flows into the oil cavity between the inner and outer cylinder barrels through the small holes on the bottom valve. This effectively reduces the impact load of the uneven road surface on the vehicle. When the wheels fall over the raised ground, the cylinder barrel will also move downward, and the piston will move upward relative to the cylinder barrel.

When the piston moves upward, the oil breaks through the valve at the bottom and flows into the inner cylinder barrel. At the same time, the oil on the upper side of the piston in the inner cylinder barrel flows to the lower side through the small hole on the piston valve. At this point, when the oil flows through the small hole, it will encounter significant resistance, which generates a good damping effect and achieves the purpose of shock absorption.